File:Age and area; a study in geographical distribution and origin of species (1922) (14592173647).jpg

Identifier: ageareastudyinge00will_0 (find matches)
Title: Age and area; a study in geographical distribution and origin of species
Year: 1922 (1920s)
Authors: Willis, J. C. (John Christopher), 1868-1958
Subjects: Biogeography Evolution
Publisher: Cambridge (Eng.) The University press
Contributing Library: Wellesley College Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Boston Library Consortium Member Libraries

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0, (same fig. curve 6). Or one may take such a genus as Epilobium in New Zealand(37, p. 171). E. purpuratum is confined to the Alps of Otago,4000-6000 feet, E. brevipes to the northern half of South Island,E. crassum to the greater part of the length of South Island;E. melanocaulon ranges the whole length of South and the southernhalf of North Island, E. microphyllum ranges yet farther north,E. glabellum farther again, while E. rotundifolium ranges thewhole length of both islands, and reaches Stewart and theChathams. E. nummular ifolium reaches all this, and also Auck-land and Macquarie Islands to the south, while E. pallidiflorumranges this and reaches Australia and Tasmania. This, or some-thing like it, is the common type of distribution in New Zealand. If we take a genus—and there are many—that has no widesin New Zealand at all (cf. p. 95), we find the same thing shown,as, for example, in Gunner a (fig. on p. 158). Here there is one 156 ENDEMISM AND DISTRIBUTION: SPECIES (pt. n
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ch.xv) ENDEMISM AND DISTRIBUTION: SPECIES 157 endemic species that covers all New Zealand, and reaches theChathams, and the other endemics occupy smaller and smallerareas within this. The figures by zones show: 2235556665 a result exactly similar to that for Ranunculus. The presence ofwides does not seem in any way necessary, nor to cause thespecies of a genus to behave in any way differently. If we go to Ceylon, and take a few species of the pan-tropicalgenus Eugenia, of which Ceylon has 29 species endemic to theisland and 14 found elsewhere (6 only in southern India), wefind that E. cyclophylla occurs only on Adams Peak, E. lucidaon several peaks close together, E. sclerophylla on a number ofpeaks and in the plains between, E. assimilis throughout themountains and in the moist plains, E. hemispherica in all thisand also in South India, and E. operculata in these regions, andalso in Burma, Malaya, and China. And many other generashow the same type of dispersal, which, in fact, a litt

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